Through a comparative history of political and economic development, this volume examines changing state-economy relations from the rise of market economies in Europe to the present, focusing on Britain, Russia, Japan, Taiwan, Korea and the United States. It provides fresh arguments and novel explanations of the rise of modern states and markets, of early and late industrialization, of state capacity and of national competitiveness. By means of case studies and comparisons, the authors develop a neo-statist theory to explain the changing economic fortunes of political systems, from the rise of Europe to the gradual decline of Anglo-American industry and the recent ascendance of East Asia.